University of the Incarnate Word | UIW Home

Page Not Found | UIW Home

Alumni | Alumni

Financial Aid | Financial Assistance

Study Abroad Program | UIW

Dreeben School of Education

School of Media and Design | /smd | University of the Incarnate Word

H-E-B School of Business and Administration | UIW

School of Mathematics, Science and Engineering Home | University of the Incarnate Word

Visit UIW! | Admissions

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

August 2025

July 2025

University of the Incarnate Word

Title / URL	Issues
University of the Incarnate Word \| UIW Homewww.uiw.edu/	71
Page Not Found \| UIW Homewww.uiw.edu/invented-url-for-404-page	68
Alumni \| Alumniwww.uiw.edu/alumni/index.html	66
Financial Aid \| Financial Assistancewww.uiw.edu/finaid/index.html	52
Study Abroad Program \| UIWwww.uiw.edu/studyabroad/index.html	51
Dreeben School of Educationwww.uiw.edu/education/index.html	50
School of Media and Design \| /smd \| University of the Incarnate Wordwww.uiw.edu/smd/index.html	49
H-E-B School of Business and Administration \| UIWwww.uiw.edu/hebsba/index.html	49
School of Mathematics, Science and Engineering Home \| University of the Incarnate Wordwww.uiw.edu/smse/index.html	48
Visit UIW! \| Admissionswww.uiw.edu/admissions/visit.html	48

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

University of the Incarnate Word

Where this issue has occurred