First time visit: View without clicking anything

Senior Executive Team | University of London

Am I qualified? | University of London

Your impact | University of London

Why study with us | University of London

Supplying evidence | University of London

Funding your study | University of London

Equality, diversity and inclusion | University of London

Register your interest | The World Class | University of London

How to pay your tuition fees | University of London

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

August 2025

July 2025

University of London

Title / URL	Issues
First time visit: View without clicking anythingwww.london.ac.uk/	4
Senior Executive Team \| University of Londonwww.london.ac.uk/about/senior-executive-team	1
Am I qualified? \| University of Londonwww.london.ac.uk/study/how-apply/am-qualified	1
Your impact \| University of Londonwww.london.ac.uk/alumni-supporters/support-us/impact	1
Why study with us \| University of Londonwww.london.ac.uk/study/why-study-us	1
Supplying evidence \| University of Londonwww.london.ac.uk/study/how-apply/supplying-evidence	1
Funding your study \| University of Londonwww.london.ac.uk/study/fees-funding/funding-study	1
Equality, diversity and inclusion \| University of Londonwww.london.ac.uk/about/equality-diversity-inclusion	1
Register your interest \| The World Class \| University of Londonwww.london.ac.uk/study/theworldclass/register-interest	1
How to pay your tuition fees \| University of Londonwww.london.ac.uk/study/fees-funding/how-pay-tuition-fees	1

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

University of London

Where this issue has occurred