Masters / Maîtrises universitaires de l'Université de Lausanne - UNIL

Bachelors / Baccalauréats universitaires de l'Université de Lausanne - UNIL

CIVIS - l'Université civique européenne - UNIL

Chiffres clés - UNIL

Histoire - UNIL

(Sciences)² - UNIL

Open Science - UNIL

International - UNIL

Recherche - UNIL

Enseignement - UNIL

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

July 2025

June 2025

University of Lausanne

	Title / URL	Issues
	Masters / Maîtrises universitaires de l'Université de Lausanne - UNILwww.unil.ch/unil/fr/home/menuinst/etudier/masters.html	100
	Bachelors / Baccalauréats universitaires de l'Université de Lausanne - UNILwww.unil.ch/unil/fr/home/menuinst/etudier/bachelors.html	94
	CIVIS - l'Université civique européenne - UNILwww.unil.ch/unil/fr/home/menuinst/universite/civis.html	92
	Chiffres clés - UNILwww.unil.ch/unil/fr/home/menuinst/universite/chiffres-cles.html	87
	Histoire - UNILwww.unil.ch/unil/fr/home/menuinst/universite/histoire.html	87
	(Sciences)² - UNILwww.unil.ch/unil/fr/home/menuinst/etudier/sciences2.html	70
	Open Science - UNILwww.unil.ch/unil/fr/home/menuinst/recherche/open-science.html	68
	International - UNILwww.unil.ch/unil/fr/home/menuinst/universite/international.html	68
	Recherche - UNILwww.unil.ch/unil/fr/home/menuinst/recherche.html	67
	Enseignement - UNILwww.unil.ch/unil/fr/home/menuinst/universite/enseignement.html	65

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

University of Lausanne

Where this issue has occurred