ucam_research_integrity_report_2017-18.pdf

ucam_research_integrity_report_2015-16.pdf

ucam_research_integrity_report_2014-15.pdf

ucam_research_integrity_report_2022-23.pdf

ucam_research_integrity_report_2018-19.pdf

ucam_research_integrity_report_2021-22.pdf

ucam_research_integrity_report_2013-14.pdf

ucam_research_integrity_report_2016-17.pdf

ucam_research_integrity_report_2020-21.pdf

Ensure each PDF document has a formally defined title.

## What this means

A PDF title, typically found in the document properties, acts as the official name of the document. This title is used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to provide a clear understanding of the document's content at the outset. It's different from any title or heading text that might appear within the content of the PDF itself.

## Why it matters

1. **Accessibility**: Screen reader users often hear the document title first when they open a PDF. A clear, descriptive title helps them understand what the document is about.
2. **Searchability and Organization**: A proper title makes it easier to search for and organize documents on a computer or network.

## How to fix

1. **Set the Title in Document Properties**: In your PDF editor, access the document properties section and ensure there is a title that accurately reflects the content of the PDF.
2. **Use Descriptive Titles**: Avoid vague titles. Instead, choose titles that clearly and concisely convey the subject or purpose of the document.

## Testing Methodology

Silktide checks the document properties of a PDF to verify that a title is 
specified and not empty.

### Limitations
- **Title Relevance**: While Silktide can detect the presence of a title, it does not evaluate the title's relevance or accuracy in representing the document's content.

## Further Reading

- [WCAG - PDF 18](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/PDF18.html)
- [Setting Titles in PDF Documents](https://www.adobe.com/accessibility/pdf/pdf-accessibility-overview.html)

pdf-no-title

January 2026

December 2025

University of Cambridge

	Title / URL	Issues
	ucam_research_integrity_report_2017-18.pdfwww.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ucam_research_integrity_report_2017-18.pdf	1
	ucam_research_integrity_report_2015-16.pdfwww.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ucam_research_integrity_report_2015-16.pdf	1
	ucam_research_integrity_report_2014-15.pdfwww.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ucam_research_integrity_report_2014-15.pdf	1
	ucam_research_integrity_report_2022-23.pdfwww.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ucam_research_integrity_report_2022-23.pdf	1
	ucam_research_integrity_report_2018-19.pdfwww.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ucam_research_integrity_report_2018-19.pdf	1
	ucam_research_integrity_report_2021-22.pdfwww.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ucam_research_integrity_report_2021-22.pdf	1
	ucam_research_integrity_report_2013-14.pdfwww.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ucam_research_integrity_report_2013-14.pdf	1
	ucam_research_integrity_report_2016-17.pdfwww.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ucam_research_integrity_report_2016-17.pdf	1
	ucam_research_integrity_report_2020-21.pdfwww.cam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/ucam_research_integrity_report_2020-21.pdf	1

Ensure PDFs have a title

University of Cambridge

Where this issue has occurred