UCB Undergraduate courses | University College Birmingham

Policies and regulations | University College Birmingham

College courses | University College Birmingham

Course Finder | University College Birmingham

Find a course | Study | University College Birmingham

Data protection (GDPR) | University College Birmingham

Student satisfaction | University College Birmingham

UCB Postgraduate courses | University College Birmingham

Business | University College Birmingham

Alumni Marks And Certificates | University College Birmingham

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

February 2025

January 2025

University College Birmingham

Title / URL	Issues
UCB Undergraduate courses \| University College Birminghamwww.ucb.ac.uk/study/courses/undergraduate/	100
Policies and regulations \| University College Birminghamwww.ucb.ac.uk/about-us/policies-and-regulations/	100
College courses \| University College Birminghamwww.ucb.ac.uk/study/courses/college/	100
Course Finder \| University College Birminghamwww.ucb.ac.uk/study/course-finder/	100
Find a course \| Study \| University College Birminghamwww.ucb.ac.uk/study/courses/	100
Data protection (GDPR) \| University College Birminghamwww.ucb.ac.uk/about-us/data-protection-resources-gdpr/	75
Student satisfaction \| University College Birminghamwww.ucb.ac.uk/about-us/student-satisfaction/	73
UCB Postgraduate courses \| University College Birminghamwww.ucb.ac.uk/study/courses/postgraduate/	72
Business \| University College Birminghamwww.ucb.ac.uk/business/	72
Alumni Marks And Certificates \| University College Birminghamwww.ucb.ac.uk/alumni/marks-and-certificates/	70

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

University College Birmingham

Where this issue has occurred