Unsure about an email or phonecall from Unicef UK? - UNICEF UK

Set up an online fundraising page - UNICEF UK

Accessibility - UNICEF UK

First time visit: View without clicking anything

Media Contacts and Press Releases - Unicef UK

Support UNICEF through a trusts or foundation - UNICEF UK

Leave a Gift in Your Will for Children - UNICEF UK

How can you tell a Unicef UK fundraiser is genuine? - Unicef UK

About Us - UNICEF UK

Volunteering - Unicef UK

Two adjacent links should not point to the same destination. You almost always want to combine the 
two links.

For example, it is quite common to link an image and text together like this:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
<a href="news.html">
    News
</a>
``` 

These adjacent links should be combined like so:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
    News
</a>
``` 

Links to `#` are ignored, as these are nearly always placeholders for JavaScript, e.g.:

```html
<a href="#" onclick="approve()">
    OK
</a>
<a href="#" onclick="reject()">
    Cancel
</a>
```

# Justification

Many users of assistive technology are only able to experience content sequentially - that is, they must
step through each part of the page, one part at a time. Often this is a slow process, potentially 
hampered by a physical impediment.

Stepping through redundant links is time consuming; for example users of a screen reader must 
hear each link read aloud in turn. 

This also simplifies your code. 

# Methodology

1. Find all links (`<a>` tags) on the page.
2. Ignore links pointing to `#`, as these are usually placeholders for JavaScript.
3. Flag links which are (a) separated only by whitespace and (b) which point to the 
   same absolute URL.  

# Learn more

Read about [Technique H2](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H2) on how to combine
an adjacent image and texts links.

duplicate-adjacent-link

May 2025

April 2025

Unicef

Title / URL	Issues
Unsure about an email or phonecall from Unicef UK? - UNICEF UKwww.unicef.org.uk/legal/avoid-fraud/	2
Set up an online fundraising page - UNICEF UKwww.unicef.org.uk/fundraise/set-up-your-fundraising-page/	2
Accessibility - UNICEF UKwww.unicef.org.uk/accessibility/	2
First time visit: View without clicking anythingwww.unicef.org.uk/	2
Media Contacts and Press Releases - Unicef UKwww.unicef.org.uk/press-releases/	2
Support UNICEF through a trusts or foundation - UNICEF UKwww.unicef.org.uk/charitable-trusts-foundations/	2
Leave a Gift in Your Will for Children - UNICEF UKwww.unicef.org.uk/leave-a-gift-in-your-will-legacy/	2
How can you tell a Unicef UK fundraiser is genuine? - Unicef UKwww.unicef.org.uk/legal/how-we-fundraise/	2
About Us - UNICEF UKwww.unicef.org.uk/about-unicef-uk/	2
Volunteering - Unicef UKwww.unicef.org.uk/volunteering/	2

Combine adjacent links with the same destination

Unicef

Where this issue has occurred