How the Tech Sector can Achieve Net Zero - Tech Nation

Insurtech Board | Tech Nation

Guide to AI - Artificial Intelligence - Tech Nation

Tech Industry Insights - Tech Nation

Growth Programmes - Tech Nation

A decade of UK tech - Tech Nation

Net Zero - Tech Nation

Fintech - Growth Programmes - Tech Nation

Resources - Tech Nation

Applied AI - Sector Growth Programme - Tech Nation

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

June 2025

May 2025

Tech Nation

Title / URL	Issues
How the Tech Sector can Achieve Net Zero - Tech Nationtechnation.io/uk-tech-sustainability/	100
Insurtech Board \| Tech Nationtechnation.io/about-us/insurtech-board/	91
Guide to AI - Artificial Intelligence - Tech Nationtechnation.io/resources/guide-to-ai/	82
Tech Industry Insights - Tech Nationtechnation.io/insights/	69
Growth Programmes - Tech Nationtechnation.io/programmes/	65
A decade of UK tech - Tech Nationtechnation.io/a-decade-of-uk-tech/	65
Net Zero - Tech Nationtechnation.io/programmes/net-zero/	50
Fintech - Growth Programmes - Tech Nationtechnation.io/programmes/fintech/	49
Resources - Tech Nationtechnation.io/resources/	48
Applied AI - Sector Growth Programme - Tech Nationtechnation.io/programmes/applied-ai/	44

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

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Where this issue has occurred