Wetenschapsgebieden - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteit

Studieaanbod - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteit

Studiecentra - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteit

Studiegidsen - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteit

Samenwerken - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteit

Promoveren - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteit

Onderzoek - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteit

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

July 2025

June 2025

Open University of the Netherlands

Title / URL	Issues
Wetenschapsgebieden - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteitwww.ou.nl/onderzoeksprogrammas	100
Studieaanbod - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteitwww.ou.nl/opleiding-overzicht?categorieen=Cursus	94
Studieaanbod - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteitwww.ou.nl/opleiding-overzicht?categorieen=Professional%20Program	93
Studiecentra - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteitwww.ou.nl/studiecentra	93
Studiegidsen - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteitwww.ou.nl/studiegidsen	89
Studieaanbod - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteitwww.ou.nl/opleiding-overzicht?categorieen=Master	89
Studieaanbod - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteitwww.ou.nl/opleiding-overzicht?categorieen=Bachelor	88
Samenwerken - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteitwww.ou.nl/samenwerken	84
Promoveren - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteitwww.ou.nl/promoveren	77
Onderzoek - Open Universiteit - Open Universiteitwww.ou.nl/onderzoek	75

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

Open University of the Netherlands

Where this issue has occurred