ESG - Northrop Grumman

First time visit: View without clicking anything

James Webb Space Telescope - Northrop Grumman

Global Presence - Northrop Grumman

E-Verify

Sea - Northrop Grumman

Who We Are - Northrop Grumman

You searched for cyber - Northrop Grumman

Company Leadership - Northrop Grumman

Training and Simulation - Northrop Grumman

Two adjacent links should not point to the same destination. You almost always want to combine the 
two links.

For example, it is quite common to link an image and text together like this:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
<a href="news.html">
    News
</a>
``` 

These adjacent links should be combined like so:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
    News
</a>
``` 

Links to `#` are ignored, as these are nearly always placeholders for JavaScript, e.g.:

```html
<a href="#" onclick="approve()">
    OK
</a>
<a href="#" onclick="reject()">
    Cancel
</a>
```

# Justification

Many users of assistive technology are only able to experience content sequentially - that is, they must
step through each part of the page, one part at a time. Often this is a slow process, potentially 
hampered by a physical impediment.

Stepping through redundant links is time consuming; for example users of a screen reader must 
hear each link read aloud in turn. 

This also simplifies your code. 

# Methodology

1. Find all links (`<a>` tags) on the page.
2. Ignore links pointing to `#`, as these are usually placeholders for JavaScript.
3. Flag links which are (a) separated only by whitespace and (b) which point to the 
   same absolute URL.  

# Learn more

Read about [Technique H2](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H2) on how to combine
an adjacent image and texts links.

duplicate-adjacent-link

August 2024

July 2024

Northrop Grumman

Title / URL	Issues
ESG - Northrop Grummanwww.northropgrumman.com/esg/	4
First time visit: View without clicking anythingwww.northropgrumman.com/	3
James Webb Space Telescope - Northrop Grummanwww.northropgrumman.com/space/james-webb-space-telescope/	3
Global Presence - Northrop Grummanwww.northropgrumman.com/who-we-are/global-presence/	3
E-Verifywww.northropgrumman.com/who-we-are/e-verify/	3
Sea - Northrop Grummanwww.northropgrumman.com/what-we-do/sea/	3
Who We Are - Northrop Grummanwww.northropgrumman.com/who-we-are/	3
You searched for cyber - Northrop Grummanwww.northropgrumman.com/search/cyber/	3
Company Leadership - Northrop Grummanwww.northropgrumman.com/who-we-are/leadership/	3
Training and Simulation - Northrop Grummanwww.northropgrumman.com/cyber/training-and-simulation/	3

Combine adjacent links with the same destination

Northrop Grumman

Where this issue has occurred