International Students | Nipissing University

Dining on Campus | Nipissing University

Nipissing University

Discover North Bay | Nipissing University

Future Students | Nipissing University

Student Financial Services | Nipissing University

404 | Nipissing University

NU Café - Ten Thousand Coffees | Nipissing University

Research & Innovation | Nipissing University

Current Students | Nipissing University

Two adjacent links should not point to the same destination. You almost always want to combine the 
two links.

For example, it is quite common to link an image and text together like this:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
<a href="news.html">
    News
</a>
``` 

These adjacent links should be combined like so:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
    News
</a>
``` 

Links to `#` are ignored, as these are nearly always placeholders for JavaScript, e.g.:

```html
<a href="#" onclick="approve()">
    OK
</a>
<a href="#" onclick="reject()">
    Cancel
</a>
```

# Justification

Many users of assistive technology are only able to experience content sequentially - that is, they must
step through each part of the page, one part at a time. Often this is a slow process, potentially 
hampered by a physical impediment.

Stepping through redundant links is time consuming; for example users of a screen reader must 
hear each link read aloud in turn. 

This also simplifies your code. 

# Methodology

1. Find all links (`<a>` tags) on the page.
2. Ignore links pointing to `#`, as these are usually placeholders for JavaScript.
3. Flag links which are (a) separated only by whitespace and (b) which point to the 
   same absolute URL.  

# Learn more

Read about [Technique H2](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H2) on how to combine
an adjacent image and texts links.

duplicate-adjacent-link

July 2025

June 2025

Title / URL	Issues
International Students \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/international-students	100
Dining on Campus \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/diningoncampus	100
Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/	100
Discover North Bay \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/about/north-bay	100
Future Students \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/future-students	100
Student Financial Services \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/departments/student-financial-services	100
404 \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/invented-url-for-404-page	100
NU Café - Ten Thousand Coffees \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/about/nu-cafe	100
Research & Innovation \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/research	100
Current Students \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/current-students	100

Combine adjacent links with the same destination

Nipissing University

Where this issue has occurred