Residence | Nipissing University

Alumni Events | Nipissing University

Stay Connected | Nipissing University

About | Nipissing University

Connect With Us | Nipissing University

Nipissing University Convocation | Nipissing University

Nipissing University Student Union (NUSU) | Nipissing University

Support Nipissing University | Nipissing University

Alumni Awards | Nipissing University

Academic Advising | Nipissing University

Two adjacent links should not point to the same destination. You almost always want to combine the 
two links.

For example, it is quite common to link an image and text together like this:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
<a href="news.html">
    News
</a>
``` 

These adjacent links should be combined like so:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
    News
</a>
``` 

Links to `#` are ignored, as these are nearly always placeholders for JavaScript, e.g.:

```html
<a href="#" onclick="approve()">
    OK
</a>
<a href="#" onclick="reject()">
    Cancel
</a>
```

# Justification

Many users of assistive technology are only able to experience content sequentially - that is, they must
step through each part of the page, one part at a time. Often this is a slow process, potentially 
hampered by a physical impediment.

Stepping through redundant links is time consuming; for example users of a screen reader must 
hear each link read aloud in turn. 

This also simplifies your code. 

# Methodology

1. Find all links (`<a>` tags) on the page.
2. Ignore links pointing to `#`, as these are usually placeholders for JavaScript.
3. Flag links which are (a) separated only by whitespace and (b) which point to the 
   same absolute URL.  

# Learn more

Read about [Technique H2](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H2) on how to combine
an adjacent image and texts links.

duplicate-adjacent-link

September 2025

August 2025

Nipissing University

Title / URL	Issues
Residence \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/departments/residence	100
Alumni Events \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/alumni/alumni-events	100
Stay Connected \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/alumni/connect	100
About \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/about	100
Connect With Us \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/future-students/connect-us	100
Nipissing University Convocation \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/about/convocation	100
Nipissing University Student Union (NUSU) \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/about/nusu	100
Support Nipissing University \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/giving	100
Alumni Awards \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/alumni/awards	100
Academic Advising \| Nipissing Universitywww.nipissingu.ca/departments/academic-advising	100

Combine adjacent links with the same destination

Nipissing University

Where this issue has occurred