Mississippi State University

Students | Mississippi State University

Research | Mississippi State University

Academics | Mississippi State University

Calendars | Mississippi State University

Site Index | Mississippi State University

Alumni | Mississippi State University

Directory | Mississippi State University

Employees | Mississippi State University

Student Lists | Mississippi State University

Two adjacent links should not point to the same destination. You almost always want to combine the 
two links.

For example, it is quite common to link an image and text together like this:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
<a href="news.html">
    News
</a>
``` 

These adjacent links should be combined like so:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
    News
</a>
``` 

Links to `#` are ignored, as these are nearly always placeholders for JavaScript, e.g.:

```html
<a href="#" onclick="approve()">
    OK
</a>
<a href="#" onclick="reject()">
    Cancel
</a>
```

# Justification

Many users of assistive technology are only able to experience content sequentially - that is, they must
step through each part of the page, one part at a time. Often this is a slow process, potentially 
hampered by a physical impediment.

Stepping through redundant links is time consuming; for example users of a screen reader must 
hear each link read aloud in turn. 

This also simplifies your code. 

# Methodology

1. Find all links (`<a>` tags) on the page.
2. Ignore links pointing to `#`, as these are usually placeholders for JavaScript.
3. Flag links which are (a) separated only by whitespace and (b) which point to the 
   same absolute URL.  

# Learn more

Read about [Technique H2](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H2) on how to combine
an adjacent image and texts links.

duplicate-adjacent-link

January 2025

December 2024

Title / URL	Issues
Mississippi State Universitywww.msstate.edu/	2
Students \| Mississippi State Universitywww.msstate.edu/students	2
Research \| Mississippi State Universitywww.msstate.edu/research	2
Academics \| Mississippi State Universitywww.msstate.edu/academics	2
Calendars \| Mississippi State Universitywww.msstate.edu/calendars	2
Site Index \| Mississippi State Universitywww.msstate.edu/site-index	2
Alumni \| Mississippi State Universitywww.msstate.edu/alumni	2
Directory \| Mississippi State Universitywww.msstate.edu/directory	2
Employees \| Mississippi State Universitywww.msstate.edu/employees	2
Student Lists \| Mississippi State Universitywww.msstate.edu/students/lists	2

Combine adjacent links with the same destination

Mississippi State University

Where this issue has occurred