Research news and departments | KYOTO UNIVERSITY

Awards and honors | KYOTO UNIVERSITY

Operations and future plans | KYOTO UNIVERSITY

About | KYOTO UNIVERSITY

University profile | KYOTO UNIVERSITY

Masaki Kashiwara, RIMS project professor and KUIAS program-specific professor, attends Abel Prize ceremony | KYOTO UNIVERSITY

Kyoto University from a Global Perspective | KYOTO UNIVERSITY

Health, safety, and environment | KYOTO UNIVERSITY

Statement regarding the Hosting of Students from Ukraine | KYOTO UNIVERSITY

Message from the President | KYOTO UNIVERSITY

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

August 2025

July 2025

Kyoto University

	Title / URL	Issues
	Research news and departments \| KYOTO UNIVERSITYwww.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/research/fields	4
	Awards and honors \| KYOTO UNIVERSITYwww.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/about/honors	4
	Operations and future plans \| KYOTO UNIVERSITYwww.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/about/operation	4
	About \| KYOTO UNIVERSITYwww.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/research/about	4
	University profile \| KYOTO UNIVERSITYwww.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/about/profile	4
	Masaki Kashiwara, RIMS project professor and KUIAS program-specific professor, attends Abel Prize ceremony \| KYOTO UNIVERSITYwww.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/news/2025-05-23	4
	Kyoto University from a Global Perspective \| KYOTO UNIVERSITYwww.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/about/ranking-en	4
	Health, safety, and environment \| KYOTO UNIVERSITYwww.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/about/safety	4
	Statement regarding the Hosting of Students from Ukraine \| KYOTO UNIVERSITYwww.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/news/2022-04-06	3
	Message from the President \| KYOTO UNIVERSITYwww.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/about/president	2

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

Kyoto University

Where this issue has occurred