Visit - Heriot-Watt University Dubai

Heriot-Watt Dubai University | A British University Campus

Postgraduate degrees

Study - Executive MBA, on campus or online

Financial support - Heriot-Watt University

Virtual experience - Heriot-Watt University

欢迎访问赫瑞-瓦特大学中文官网 - Heriot-Watt University

Living in Edinburgh | Heriot-Watt University

Heriot-Watt Campuses | Heriot-Watt University

Future Makers - Heriot-Watt University

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

June 2025

May 2025

Heriot-Watt University

Title / URL	Issues
Visit - Heriot-Watt University Dubaiwww.hw.ac.uk/dubai/visit-us.htm	25
Heriot-Watt Dubai University \| A British University Campuswww.hw.ac.uk/dubai/	22
Postgraduate degreeswww.hw.ac.uk/ebs/study/postgraduate.htm	14
Study - Executive MBA, on campus or onlinewww.hw.ac.uk/ebs/study/mba.htm	10
Financial support - Heriot-Watt Universitywww.hw.ac.uk/study/fees/financial-support.htm	8
Virtual experience - Heriot-Watt Universitywww.hw.ac.uk/study/why/virtual-experience.htm	8
欢迎访问赫瑞-瓦特大学中文官网 - Heriot-Watt Universitywww.hw.ac.uk/china/	6
Living in Edinburgh \| Heriot-Watt Universitywww.hw.ac.uk/uk/edinburgh/living.htm	6
Heriot-Watt Campuses \| Heriot-Watt Universitywww.hw.ac.uk/campuses.htm	6
Future Makers - Heriot-Watt Universitywww.hw.ac.uk/uk/research/future-makers.htm	6

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

Heriot-Watt University

Where this issue has occurred