About us - Hammersmith United Charities

Area of benefit - Hammersmith United Charities

Our trustees - Hammersmith United Charities

Cookie Policy - Hammersmith United Charities

Contact - Hammersmith United Charities

- Hammersmith United Charities

Our team - Hammersmith United Charities

grants Archives - Hammersmith United Charities

Page not found - Hammersmith United Charities

What we do - Hammersmith United Charities

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

August 2025

July 2025

Hammersmith United Charities

	Title / URL	Issues
	About us - Hammersmith United Charitieshamunitedcharities.org.uk/about-us/	4
	Area of benefit - Hammersmith United Charitieshamunitedcharities.org.uk/about-us/area-of-benefit/	4
	Our trustees - Hammersmith United Charitieshamunitedcharities.org.uk/about-us/our-trustees/	4
	Cookie Policy - Hammersmith United Charitieshamunitedcharities.org.uk/cookie-policy/	4
	Contact - Hammersmith United Charitieshamunitedcharities.org.uk/about-us/contact-us/	4
	- Hammersmith United Charitieshamunitedcharities.org.uk/2025/03/11/chair-vacancy/	4
	Our team - Hammersmith United Charitieshamunitedcharities.org.uk/about-us/staff/	4
	grants Archives - Hammersmith United Charitieshamunitedcharities.org.uk/tag/grants/	4
	Page not found - Hammersmith United Charitieshamunitedcharities.org.uk/invented-url-for-404-page	4
	What we do - Hammersmith United Charitieshamunitedcharities.org.uk/about-us/what-we-do/	4

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

Hammersmith United Charities

Where this issue has occurred