Giving | Giving to Gustavus

Gustie Newswire | News Office

Gustavus Adolphus College

Parents & Family | Information For Parents

Title IX | Title IX

GUS Account - Passphrase / Reset Passphrase

Page Not Found - Error 404

Apply to Gustavus | Admission

Search - All

Campus Events | Events

Two adjacent links should not point to the same destination. You almost always want to combine the 
two links.

For example, it is quite common to link an image and text together like this:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
<a href="news.html">
    News
</a>
``` 

These adjacent links should be combined like so:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
    News
</a>
``` 

Links to `#` are ignored, as these are nearly always placeholders for JavaScript, e.g.:

```html
<a href="#" onclick="approve()">
    OK
</a>
<a href="#" onclick="reject()">
    Cancel
</a>
```

# Justification

Many users of assistive technology are only able to experience content sequentially - that is, they must
step through each part of the page, one part at a time. Often this is a slow process, potentially 
hampered by a physical impediment.

Stepping through redundant links is time consuming; for example users of a screen reader must 
hear each link read aloud in turn. 

This also simplifies your code. 

# Methodology

1. Find all links (`<a>` tags) on the page.
2. Ignore links pointing to `#`, as these are usually placeholders for JavaScript.
3. Flag links which are (a) separated only by whitespace and (b) which point to the 
   same absolute URL.  

# Learn more

Read about [Technique H2](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H2) on how to combine
an adjacent image and texts links.

duplicate-adjacent-link

January 2025

December 2024

Title / URL	Issues
Giving \| Giving to Gustavusgustavus.edu/giving/	4
Gustie Newswire \| News Officegustavus.edu/news/	4
Gustavus Adolphus Collegegustavus.edu/	4
Parents & Family \| Information For Parentsgustavus.edu/parents/	4
Title IX \| Title IXgustavus.edu/titleix/	4
GUS Account - Passphrase / Reset Passphrasegustavus.edu/account/	4
Page Not Found - Error 404gustavus.edu/invented-url-for-404-page	4
Apply to Gustavus \| Admissiongustavus.edu/admission/apply/	4
Search - Allgustavus.edu/search/?q=moodle	4
Campus Events \| Eventsgustavus.edu/events/	4

Combine adjacent links with the same destination

Gustavus Adolphus College

Where this issue has occurred