Our governance | Co-operatives UK

Booster Fund – application guidance | Co-operatives UK

Directors toolkit | Co-operatives UK

What a deposit is and why it matters | Co-operatives UK

Apply for membership | Co-operatives UK

Business Support – start your co-op | Co-operatives UK

Sign up for updates about community shares | Co-operatives UK

Living with Covid-19 - 1 April 2022 changes | Co-operatives UK

About the Co-op of the Year Awards | Co-operatives UK

#1MillionOwners | Co-operatives UK

Two adjacent links should not point to the same destination. You almost always want to combine the 
two links.

For example, it is quite common to link an image and text together like this:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
<a href="news.html">
    News
</a>
``` 

These adjacent links should be combined like so:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
    News
</a>
``` 

Links to `#` are ignored, as these are nearly always placeholders for JavaScript, e.g.:

```html
<a href="#" onclick="approve()">
    OK
</a>
<a href="#" onclick="reject()">
    Cancel
</a>
```

# Justification

Many users of assistive technology are only able to experience content sequentially - that is, they must
step through each part of the page, one part at a time. Often this is a slow process, potentially 
hampered by a physical impediment.

Stepping through redundant links is time consuming; for example users of a screen reader must 
hear each link read aloud in turn. 

This also simplifies your code. 

# Methodology

1. Find all links (`<a>` tags) on the page.
2. Ignore links pointing to `#`, as these are usually placeholders for JavaScript.
3. Flag links which are (a) separated only by whitespace and (b) which point to the 
   same absolute URL.  

# Learn more

Read about [Technique H2](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H2) on how to combine
an adjacent image and texts links.

duplicate-adjacent-link

January 2025

December 2024

Co-operatives UK

Title / URL	Issues
Our governance \| Co-operatives UKwww.uk.coop/about-us/our-governance	54
Booster Fund – application guidance \| Co-operatives UKwww.uk.coop/resources/booster-fund-application-guidance	53
Directors toolkit \| Co-operatives UKwww.uk.coop/resources/directors-toolkit	53
What a deposit is and why it matters \| Co-operatives UKwww.uk.coop/blog/what-deposit-and-why-it-matters	52
Apply for membership \| Co-operatives UKwww.uk.coop/get-involved/become-member/apply-membership	52
Business Support – start your co-op \| Co-operatives UKwww.uk.coop/start-new-co-op/start/support	52
Sign up for updates about community shares \| Co-operatives UKwww.uk.coop/start-new-co-op/support/community-shares/email	52
Living with Covid-19 - 1 April 2022 changes \| Co-operatives UKwww.uk.coop/blog/living-covid-19-1-april-2022-changes	52
About the Co-op of the Year Awards \| Co-operatives UKwww.uk.coop/co-op-year-awards/about	52
#1MillionOwners \| Co-operatives UKwww.uk.coop/1millionowners	52

Combine adjacent links with the same destination

Co-operatives UK

Where this issue has occurred