Pay… | City of Pacifica

I Want To | City of Pacifica

Contact… | City of Pacifica

Find… | City of Pacifica

Start a Business… | City of Pacifica

Apply For… | City of Pacifica

Departments | City of Pacifica

Register… | City of Pacifica

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

August 2025

July 2025

City of Pacifica

	Title / URL	Issues
	Pay… \| City of Pacificawww.cityofpacifica.org/i-want-to/pay	2
	I Want To \| City of Pacificawww.cityofpacifica.org/i-want-to	2
	Contact… \| City of Pacificawww.cityofpacifica.org/i-want-to/contact	2
	Find… \| City of Pacificawww.cityofpacifica.org/i-want-to/find	2
	Start a Business… \| City of Pacificawww.cityofpacifica.org/i-want-to/start-a-business	2
	Apply For… \| City of Pacificawww.cityofpacifica.org/i-want-to/apply-for	2
	Departments \| City of Pacificawww.cityofpacifica.org/departments	2
	Register… \| City of Pacificawww.cityofpacifica.org/i-want-to/register	2

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

City of Pacifica

Where this issue has occurred