Trang chủ | Thành phố Oakland, CA

Homeowner & Rental Support | City of Oakland, CA

Hazardous Waste | City of Oakland, CA

Make Your Home More Energy Efficient | City of Oakland, CA

Property & Maintenance | City of Oakland, CA

Inicio | Ciudad de Oakland, CA

Home | City of Oakland, CA

Low-Cost Internet | City of Oakland, CA

Report an Issue (OAK 311) | City of Oakland, CA

الصفحة الرئيسية | مدينة أوكلاند، كاليفورنيا

Lists of related items should be written [semantically](https://html.com/semantic-markup/) as a 
list.

Usually this means rewriting these to use the `<ul>` or `<ol>` tags.

This allows assistive technologies to more easily navigate from item to
item, or past entire groups of links if the user wants to. 

## Examples 

### Navigation

This navigation:

```html
<a href="/about">About us</a>
<a href="/products">Products</a>
<a href="/contact">Contact us</a>
```

Should be rewritten as a list:

```html
<ul>
  <li><a href="/about">About us</a></li>
  <li><a href="/products">Products</a></li>
  <li><a href="/contact">Contact us</a></li>
</ul>
```

### Tables for content

This single-column table is redundant. There is no
value in placing the content in a table, which makes
it harder for screen reader users to interpret and interact
with.

```html
<table>
  <tr>
    <td>
      Banana
    </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>
      Apple
    </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>
      Pear
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
```

Should be rewritten as a list:

```html
<ul>
  <li>Banana</li>
  <li>Apple</li>
  <li>Pear</li>
</ul>
```

## Justification

Users of assistive technologies, like screen readers, can skip an entire
list in one step. In some cases, they can even search inside a list. 

These aids are not available where links are written outside a list. 
Failing to use lists correctly can force users to have to step through
hundreds of items one at a time.

## Methodology

1. Any single-column tables are automatically considered 
   redundant lists. 
2. For non-table elements, recursively work down the page looking inside
   each element for links separated by minimal amounts of non-link text. 
   If the non-link text is below 30 characters 
   in length, we assume we're inside content that should be a list.
   Some exceptions are made, e.g. the presence of an `<hr>` would break
   out of the list.

## More information

See [Technique
H48](https://www.w3.org/TR/2016/NOTE-WCAG20-TECHS-20161007/H48) for
details.

mark-navigation-section-as-list

October 2025

September 2025

City of Oakland

	Title / URL	Issues
	Trang chủ \| Thành phố Oakland, CAwww.oaklandca.gov/Home?lang_update=638902750372733361	2
	Homeowner & Rental Support \| City of Oakland, CAwww.oaklandca.gov/My-Household/Homeowner-Rental-Support	2
	Hazardous Waste \| City of Oakland, CAwww.oaklandca.gov/My-Household/Waste-and-Recycling/Hazardous-Waste	2
	Make Your Home More Energy Efficient \| City of Oakland, CAwww.oaklandca.gov/My-Household/Make-Your-Home-More-Energy-Efficient	2
	Property & Maintenance \| City of Oakland, CAwww.oaklandca.gov/My-Household/Property-Maintenance	2
	Inicio \| Ciudad de Oakland, CAwww.oaklandca.gov/Home?lang_update=638902750127000369	2
	Home \| City of Oakland, CAwww.oaklandca.gov/Home?lang_update=638902750486275532	2
	Low-Cost Internet \| City of Oakland, CAwww.oaklandca.gov/My-Household/Property-Maintenance/Low-Cost-Internet	2
	Report an Issue (OAK 311) \| City of Oakland, CAwww.oaklandca.gov/My-Household/Report-an-Issue-OAK-311	2
	الصفحة الرئيسية \| مدينة أوكلاند، كاليفورنياwww.oaklandca.gov/Home?lang_update=638902749832027186	2

Write lists or groups of links semantically

City of Oakland

Where this issue has occurred