Citi Perspectives

About | Citi | Inquiries

Citi | All Insights

Environmental, Social and Governance | Citi

Strategy

Citi | Countries and Jurisdictions

First time visit: View without clicking anything

Citi | Businesses

Citi | Global Wealth Management

ESG Resources for Investors | Citi

People using screen readers are not able to see the layout of a form. To make forms
accessible, they must define explicit text labels for each form control. 

Usually the best solution is to use a `<label>` element. The label may be linked to 
by the form control:

```html
<label for="name">Full name</label>
<input type="name" id="name">
```

or the `<label>` can be wrapped around the form control:

```html
<label>
    Full name <input type="name">
</label>
```

Buttons are different, as their labels are specified by the code for the button, e.g.

```html
<input type="submit" value="Send message">
<button>Send message</button>
```

Alternatively ARIA attributes, such as `aria-label` may be used, but this information
will not be conveyed to visual users. For more information, see [W3C's guide to labeling controls](https://www.w3.org/WAI/tutorials/forms/labels/).

Hidden input fields (`<input type="hidden">`) do not require labels.
Note that the `placeholder` attribute 
[should not be used as an alternative to a label](https://www.w3.org/TR/html/sec-forms.html#the-placeholder-attribute),
nor should the `title` attribute.

## Custom roles

Note that this check considers the underlying accessible role of an element, which can be 
different from the tag itself.

For example, this `<div>` has a `role` of `button`, and so is expected to have a label, like
a button would.

```html
<div role="button"></div>
```

form-control-labels

January 2026

December 2025

Citigroup

Title / URL	Issues
Citi Perspectiveswww.citigroup.com/global/news/perspectives	2
About \| Citi \| Inquirieswww.citigroup.com/global/news/media-resources	1
Citi \| All Insightswww.citigroup.com/global/insights/all	1
Environmental, Social and Governance \| Citiwww.citigroup.com/global/our-impact	1
Strategywww.citigroup.com/global/about-us/strategy	1
Citi \| Countries and Jurisdictionswww.citigroup.com/global/about-us/global-presence	1
First time visit: View without clicking anythingwww.citigroup.com/global	1
Citi \| Businesseswww.citigroup.com/global/businesses	1
Citi \| Global Wealth Managementwww.citigroup.com/global/businesses/wealth	1
ESG Resources for Investors \| Citiwww.citigroup.com/global/investors/esg-for-investors	1

Ensure form controls have labels

Citigroup

Where this issue has occurred