Facts & Rankings | Chapman University

Page Not Found | Chapman University

Visit Rinker Campus | Chapman University

Undergraduate Degrees & Programs | Chapman University

Our Home | Chapman University

Chapman University | A Top Private University in California | Chapman University

First time visit: View without clicking anything

Academic Deans | Chapman University

Honorary Degrees | Chapman University

Lists (e.g., `<ul>` or `<ol>`) should only contain list items (`<li>`) as a direct descendant 
to ensure that screen readers can accurately report the amount of items contained in the list. 

## Example

In the following example, some screen readers would say this list has two items, instead of 
four: 

```html
<ul>
    <div class="some_class">
        <li>Example 1</li>
    </div>
    <div class="some_other_class">
        <li>Example 2</li>
        <li>Example 3</li>
        <li>Example 4</li>
    </div>
</ul>
```

To fix this, you would need to remove the `<div class="some_class">` and 
`<div class="some_other_class>` elements and ensure only `<li>` list items remain.

## Further reading

The [formal specification for the list element](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/ul)
shows what is and is not permitted inside an `<ul>` and `<ol>`.

See [Technique H88](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H88.html) for more information.

list-not-following-semantics

December 2025

November 2025

Chapman University

Title / URL	Issues
Facts & Rankings \| Chapman Universitywww.chapman.edu/about/facts-and-rankings/index.aspx	8
Page Not Found \| Chapman Universitywww.chapman.edu/page-not-found.aspx	8
Visit Rinker Campus \| Chapman Universitywww.chapman.edu/about/our-home/rinker-campus/visit.aspx	8
Undergraduate Degrees & Programs \| Chapman Universitywww.chapman.edu/academics/degrees-and-programs.aspx	8
Our Home \| Chapman Universitywww.chapman.edu/about/our-home/index.aspx	8
Chapman University \| A Top Private University in California \| Chapman Universitywww.chapman.edu/	8
First time visit: View without clicking anythingwww.chapman.edu/	8
Chapman University \| A Top Private University in California \| Chapman Universitywww.chapman.edu/index.aspx	8
Academic Deans \| Chapman Universitywww.chapman.edu/academics/provost/deans.aspx	8
Honorary Degrees \| Chapman Universitywww.chapman.edu/academics/provost/honorary-degrees.aspx	8

Ensure lists are marked up correctly

Chapman University

Where this issue has occurred