Mission & Rector – Chaminade University of Honolulu

Residence Life – Chaminade University of Honolulu

Office of Student Activities and Leadership (OSAL) – Chaminade University of Honolulu

Alumni Relations – Chaminade University of Honolulu

Advancement – Chaminade University of Honolulu

Early College Program – Chaminade University of Honolulu

Chaminade University News – Chaminade University of Honolulu

Sullivan Family Library – Chaminade University of Honolulu

About Chaminade University – Chaminade University of Honolulu

Chaminade University Leadership – Chaminade University of Honolulu

Two adjacent links should not point to the same destination. You almost always want to combine the 
two links.

For example, it is quite common to link an image and text together like this:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
<a href="news.html">
    News
</a>
``` 

These adjacent links should be combined like so:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
    News
</a>
``` 

Links to `#` are ignored, as these are nearly always placeholders for JavaScript, e.g.:

```html
<a href="#" onclick="approve()">
    OK
</a>
<a href="#" onclick="reject()">
    Cancel
</a>
```

# Justification

Many users of assistive technology are only able to experience content sequentially - that is, they must
step through each part of the page, one part at a time. Often this is a slow process, potentially 
hampered by a physical impediment.

Stepping through redundant links is time consuming; for example users of a screen reader must 
hear each link read aloud in turn. 

This also simplifies your code. 

# Methodology

1. Find all links (`<a>` tags) on the page.
2. Ignore links pointing to `#`, as these are usually placeholders for JavaScript.
3. Flag links which are (a) separated only by whitespace and (b) which point to the 
   same absolute URL.  

# Learn more

Read about [Technique H2](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H2) on how to combine
an adjacent image and texts links.

duplicate-adjacent-link

February 2025

January 2025

Chaminade University

Title / URL	Issues
Mission & Rector – Chaminade University of Honoluluchaminade.edu/mission-rector/	9
Residence Life – Chaminade University of Honoluluchaminade.edu/reslife/	9
Office of Student Activities and Leadership (OSAL) – Chaminade University of Honoluluchaminade.edu/student-engagement/	9
Alumni Relations – Chaminade University of Honoluluchaminade.edu/alumni/	9
Advancement – Chaminade University of Honoluluchaminade.edu/advancement/	9
Early College Program – Chaminade University of Honoluluchaminade.edu/earlycollege/	9
Chaminade University News – Chaminade University of Honoluluchaminade.edu/ucm/news/	9
Sullivan Family Library – Chaminade University of Honoluluchaminade.edu/sullivan-library/	4
About Chaminade University – Chaminade University of Honoluluchaminade.edu/about/	2
Chaminade University Leadership – Chaminade University of Honoluluchaminade.edu/leadership/	2

Combine adjacent links with the same destination

Chaminade University

Where this issue has occurred