Data analytics | CGI UK

Health and care | CGI UK

Education | CGI UK

Insurance | CGI UK

Utilities | CGI UK

Energy - Oil & Gas | CGI UK

Cyber security | CGI UK

Media solutions | CGI UK

Communications | CGI UK

Maritime | CGI UK

Two adjacent links should not point to the same destination. You almost always want to combine the 
two links.

For example, it is quite common to link an image and text together like this:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
<a href="news.html">
    News
</a>
``` 

These adjacent links should be combined like so:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
    News
</a>
``` 

Links to `#` are ignored, as these are nearly always placeholders for JavaScript, e.g.:

```html
<a href="#" onclick="approve()">
    OK
</a>
<a href="#" onclick="reject()">
    Cancel
</a>
```

# Justification

Many users of assistive technology are only able to experience content sequentially - that is, they must
step through each part of the page, one part at a time. Often this is a slow process, potentially 
hampered by a physical impediment.

Stepping through redundant links is time consuming; for example users of a screen reader must 
hear each link read aloud in turn. 

This also simplifies your code. 

# Methodology

1. Find all links (`<a>` tags) on the page.
2. Ignore links pointing to `#`, as these are usually placeholders for JavaScript.
3. Flag links which are (a) separated only by whitespace and (b) which point to the 
   same absolute URL.  

# Learn more

Read about [Technique H2](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H2) on how to combine
an adjacent image and texts links.

duplicate-adjacent-link

December 2025

November 2025

Cgi It Uk Limited

Title / URL	Issues
Data analytics \| CGI UKwww.cgi.com/uk/en-gb/data-analytics	17
Health and care \| CGI UKwww.cgi.com/uk/en-gb/health-and-care	13
Education \| CGI UKwww.cgi.com/uk/en-gb/education	13
Insurance \| CGI UKwww.cgi.com/uk/en-gb/Insurance	13
Utilities \| CGI UKwww.cgi.com/uk/en-gb/utilities	12
Energy - Oil & Gas \| CGI UKwww.cgi.com/uk/en-gb/oil-and-gas	12
Cyber security \| CGI UKwww.cgi.com/uk/en-gb/cyber-security	12
Media solutions \| CGI UKwww.cgi.com/uk/en-gb/media	12
Communications \| CGI UKwww.cgi.com/uk/en-gb/communications	12
Maritime \| CGI UKwww.cgi.com/uk/en-gb/maritime	12

Combine adjacent links with the same destination

Cgi It Uk Limited

Where this issue has occurred