Information for your country - Study - Cardiff University

Rhyngwladol - Astudio - Prifysgol Caerdydd

International - Study - Cardiff University

Global events - Study - Cardiff University

Visiting from abroad - Study - Cardiff University

Visiting from abroad - Astudio - Prifysgol Caerdydd

Explore undergraduate subjects - Study - Cardiff University

Clearing vacancies - Clearing - Cardiff University

Porwch drwy ein pynciau israddedig - Astudio - Prifysgol Caerdydd

Search - Cardiff University

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be completely obscured by anything in front of it.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.12](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/focus-not-obscured.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-minimum

February 2025

January 2025

Cardiff University

Title / URL	Issues
Information for your country - Study - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/study/international/your-country	100
Rhyngwladol - Astudio - Prifysgol Caerdyddwww.cardiff.ac.uk/cy/study/international	63
International - Study - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/study/international	63
Global events - Study - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/study/international/global-events	52
Visiting from abroad - Study - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/study/international/visit-us	51
Visiting from abroad - Astudio - Prifysgol Caerdyddwww.cardiff.ac.uk/cy/study/international/visit-us	50
Explore undergraduate subjects - Study - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/subjects	13
Clearing vacancies - Clearing - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/clearing/vacancies	13
Porwch drwy ein pynciau israddedig - Astudio - Prifysgol Caerdyddwww.cardiff.ac.uk/cy/study/undergraduate/subjects	13
Search - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/search	12

Ensure focus is not fully obscured

Cardiff University

Where this issue has occurred