Information for your country - Study - Cardiff University

University map - Visitor information - Cardiff University

Explore undergraduate subjects - Study - Cardiff University

Features - Alumni - Cardiff University

International - Study - Cardiff University

Alumni events - Alumni - Cardiff University

Privacy - Help - Cardiff University

Browse by date - News - Cardiff University

Update your details - Alumni - Cardiff University

Browse undergraduate courses by School - Study - Cardiff University

When selecting a user interface component with the keyboard, the focus indicator must 
not be partly obscured by anything in front of it. This is the stricter version of this check for 
Level AAA.

## Why this matters

When using a keyboard, it is important that the user can see where they are on the page.
If the focus indicator is obscured, the user may not know where they are, and may not
be able to interact with the page.

## Examples

Most common examples include:

* Banners at the top or bottom of the page, such as cookie banners
* Fixed navigation bars
* Fixed footers
* Popup modals, such as cookie consent modals

## How to fix

With elements that cover part of the screen, such as cookie banners, ensure
that the user can scroll to see any content behind the banner, without having to close
the banner.

With popup modals, it should usually be impossible to focus anything behind the modal.
Most common modal frameworks will automatically trap focus within the modal, so that
this is impossible. Example: [Bootstrap Modal](https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.2/components/modal/#live-demo).

## Further reading

This is part of the draft WCAG 2.2 specification and is subject to change.

* [WCAG 2.4.13](https://w3c.github.io/wcag/understanding/focus-not-obscured-enhanced.html)

ensure-focus-is-not-obscured-enhanced

August 2025

July 2025

Cardiff University

Title / URL	Issues
Information for your country - Study - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/study/international/your-country	100
University map - Visitor information - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/visit/map	100
Explore undergraduate subjects - Study - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/subjects	78
Features - Alumni - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/alumni/news/features	77
International - Study - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/study/international	72
Alumni events - Alumni - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/alumni/events	71
Privacy - Help - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/help/privacy	70
Browse by date - News - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/news/browse-by-date	63
Update your details - Alumni - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/alumni/stay-connected/update-your-details	63
Browse undergraduate courses by School - Study - Cardiff Universitywww.cardiff.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/courses/browse-by-school	62

Ensure focus is not partly obscured

Cardiff University

Where this issue has occurred