CESSAC Centres | CESSA Housing Association

ERROR 403 | CESSA Housing Association

Cookie Policy | CESSA Housing Association

First time visit: View without clicking anything

The Charity | CESSA Housing Association

CESSAC | CESSA Housing Association

ERROR 404 | CESSA Housing Association

Useful Links | CESSA Housing Association

CESSAC House | CESSA Housing Association

Dhekelia Court | CESSA Housing Association

Two adjacent links should not point to the same destination. You almost always want to combine the 
two links.

For example, it is quite common to link an image and text together like this:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
<a href="news.html">
    News
</a>
``` 

These adjacent links should be combined like so:

```html
<a href="news.html">
    <img src="photo.jpg" alt="" />
    News
</a>
``` 

Links to `#` are ignored, as these are nearly always placeholders for JavaScript, e.g.:

```html
<a href="#" onclick="approve()">
    OK
</a>
<a href="#" onclick="reject()">
    Cancel
</a>
```

# Justification

Many users of assistive technology are only able to experience content sequentially - that is, they must
step through each part of the page, one part at a time. Often this is a slow process, potentially 
hampered by a physical impediment.

Stepping through redundant links is time consuming; for example users of a screen reader must 
hear each link read aloud in turn. 

This also simplifies your code. 

# Methodology

1. Find all links (`<a>` tags) on the page.
2. Ignore links pointing to `#`, as these are usually placeholders for JavaScript.
3. Flag links which are (a) separated only by whitespace and (b) which point to the 
   same absolute URL.  

# Learn more

Read about [Technique H2](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/H2) on how to combine
an adjacent image and texts links.

duplicate-adjacent-link

September 2025

August 2025

C of E Soldiers, Sailors & Airmens H.A Ltd

	Title / URL	Issues
	CESSAC Centres \| CESSA Housing Associationwww.cessaha.co.uk/cessac/centres	3
	ERROR 403 \| CESSA Housing Associationwww.cessaha.co.uk/error-403	3
	Cookie Policy \| CESSA Housing Associationwww.cessaha.co.uk/cookie-policy	3
	First time visit: View without clicking anythingwww.cessaha.co.uk/	3
	The Charity \| CESSA Housing Associationwww.cessaha.co.uk/contact/charity	3
	CESSAC \| CESSA Housing Associationwww.cessaha.co.uk/links/cessac	3
	ERROR 404 \| CESSA Housing Associationwww.cessaha.co.uk/error-404	3
	Useful Links \| CESSA Housing Associationwww.cessaha.co.uk/links	3
	CESSAC House \| CESSA Housing Associationwww.cessaha.co.uk/slider/cessac-house	3
	Dhekelia Court \| CESSA Housing Associationwww.cessaha.co.uk/slider/dhekelia-court	3

Combine adjacent links with the same destination

C of E Soldiers, Sailors & Airmens H.A Ltd

Where this issue has occurred